History of GMP-standards
World history of
GMP standards originates from 1963 in the U.S.,
where a group of scientists have developed special rules to regulate
the conditions of quality and safe production of medicines - standard
Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP).
GMP
FDA standards supplemented in 1965, 1971, 1978, 1987, 1992, and the
first international document on GMP, appeared in 1968, established by
WHO, a little later - in 1969 a resolution was adopted by WHO, which
prescribes the rules to apply GMP WHO all countries. Starting from
70s of last century, GMP became widespread throughout the world, with
the exception of the USSR Ministry of Health of the Soviet Union
declared its uninterested in the implementation of such rulesand the
issue of transition to GMP, the enterprises of the Soviet Medical and
Microbiological Industry, has been postponed until in 1991. It was
only after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the CIS countries
themselves have begun to transition to standard GMP.
In
1991 appeared rules of the European Union's
GMP (GMP
EU), approved by the directive
356/91. In 2003, this directive
was amended by directive
2003/94.
In
Russia in 2001 was adopted standard closer
to the rules of GMP. Only in 2004 was put into effect GOST R
52249-2004, which is corresponded to the rules of the EU GMP. After
that, in January 1,
2005 compliance with the rules of GMP in pharmaceutical production in
the Russian Federation is required.
In Ukraine,
in 1997, were approved guidelines MV 64U-1-97, which attempted to
combine in one document the rules of GMP EU and GMP WHO, as a result
- as a absence of harmony with one or the other. In this regard, in
1998 introduced a normative document MLA 01.001-98, based on the
rules of GMP WHO (GMP WHO), while the government adopted a strategy
to integrate all legislation with the European Union. It was only in
2001 approved the Manual 1.1.42 "Drugs. Good Manufacturing
Practices", which fully complies with GMP rules of the European
Union.